ZS-SPA 747SP Alliance
Number 4 engine hit by ground handling vehicle
The aircraft ZS-SPA (c/n: 21132) was parked on Stand 23 at London Heathrow Airport when a ground handling vehicle reversed into the number four engine.
There was no marshaller present.
Company policy states that a marshaller must be present when reversing a vehicle or positioning equipment onto aircraft.
Source: https://www.gov.uk/aaib-reports/boeing-747sp-zs-spa-4-march-1998